One of the several unique characteristics of gram-negative bacteria is the structure of the bacterial outer membrane. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS also known as lipoglycans and endotoxins, are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria).
The cell wall also includes an outer membrane with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules attached. The outer leaflet of this membrane comprises a complex lipopolysaccharide (LPS) whose lipid portion acts as an endotoxin. Gram negative bacteria stain pink when subjected to a Gram stain procedure.
LPS elicits a variety of inflammatory responses in an animal and it activates complement by the alternative (properdin) pathway, so it may be a part of the pathology of Gram-negative bacterial infections.
Bacterial Endotoxin - Textbook of Bacteriology
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer also called the outer membrane is the outer most layer present in the cell wall of gram negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharide is localized in the outer layer of the membrane and is, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. While both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria produce exotoxins, only Gram negative bacteria produce endotoxins. Bacterial Endotoxin - Textbook of Bacteriology The cell wall antigens (O antigens) of Gram-negative bacteria are components of LPS. As in peptidoglycan biosynthesis, LPS molecules are assembled at the plasma or inner membrane.
This in fever, an increased respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. If gram-negative bacteria enter the circulatory system, the LPS can cause a toxic reaction. A dentist should oversee treatment for decay, cavities and gum disease, but things can be done at home to assist this process.
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